报错信息：
# 手工启动
┌──(root㉿localhost)-[/etc/init.d]
└─# ./mysqld restart
MySQL server PID file could not be found! ... failed!
Starting MySQL....The server quit without updating PID file (/www/server/data/localhost.pid). ... failed!
241206 3:38:10 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 256.0M
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
241206 3:38:10 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
241206 3:38:11 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
241206 3:38:12 InnoDB: 5.5.62 started; log sequence number 1595675
241206 3:38:12 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
241206 3:38:12 [Note] - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
241206 3:38:12 [ERROR] Failed to create a socket for IPv4 '0.0.0.0': errno: 13.
241206 3:38:12 [ERROR] Can't create IP socket: Permission denied
241206 3:38:12 [ERROR] Aborting
241206 3:38:12 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
241206 3:38:12 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1595675
241206 3:38:12 [Note] /www/server/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete
解决方案：
# 授予nginx、MySQL、php-fpm等组件必要的权限：
sudo usermod -a -G aid_inet,aid_net_raw mysql
sudo usermod -a -G aid_inet,aid_net_raw www
编辑 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件，在[mysqld]后面添加了一行
skip-networking
欢迎指出任何有错误或不够清晰的表达，可以在下面评论区评论。
